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Categories of listed building There are three types of listed status for buildings in England and Wales: Grade I: buildings of exceptional interest, Grade II*: particularly important buildings of more than special interest. Grade II: buildings that are of special interest, warranting every effort to preserve them. There was formerly a non-statutory Grade III, which was abolished in 1970. Additionally, Grades A, B and C were used mainly for Anglican churches in use – these correspond approximately to Grades I, II* and II. These grades were used mainly before 1977, although a few buildings are still listed using these grades. Listed buildings account for about 2% of English building stock. In March 2010, there were approximately 374,000 list entries of which (92%) were Grade II, (5.5%) were Grade II*, and (2.5%) were Grade I. Places of worship play an important role in the UK’S architectural heritage. England alone has 14,500 listed places of worship (4,000 Grade I, 4,500 Grade II* and 6,000 Grade II). In fact, 45% of all Grade I listed buildings are places of worship. Statutory Criteria for listing: In order to be listed, a building must meet various criteria. The criteria for listing include architectural interest, historic interest and close historical associations with significant people or events. Buildings which are not individually noteworthy may still be listed if they form part of a group that is – for example, all the buildings in a square. This is called ‘group value’. Sometimes large areas comprising many buildings may not justify listing but are given the looser protection of designation as a conservation area. The criteria include: Age and rarity: The older a building is, the more likely it is to be listed. All buildings erected before 1700 "which contain a significant proportion of their original fabric" will be listed. Most buildings built between 1700–1840 are listed. After 1840 more selection is exercised are “particularly careful selection” after 1945. Buildings less than 30 years old are rarely listed unless they are of outstanding quality and under threat. Aesthetic merits: ie the appearance of a buildings. However, buildings that have little visual appeal may be listed on grounds of representing particular aspects of social or economic history. Selectivity: where a large number of buildings of a similar type survive, the policy is only to list those which are the most representative or significant examples. National interest: significant or distinctive regional buildings eg those that represent a nationally important but localised industry State of repair: this is not deemed to be a relevant consideration for listing. A building can be listed regardless of its state of repair. Additionally: Any buildings or structures constructed before 1 July 1948 which fall within the curtilage of a listed building are treated as part of the listed building.The effect of a proposed development on the setting of a listed building is a material consideration in determining a planning application. Setting is defined as “the surroundings in which a heritage is experienced”. Although the decision to list a building may be made on the basis of the architectural or historic interest of one small part of the building, the listing protection nevertheless applies to the whole building. Listing applies not just to the exterior fabric of the building itself, but also to the interior, fixtures, fittings, and objects within the curtilage of the building even if they are not fixed. Source: Wikipedia